Blog

Detailed, sourced guides on carbon footprint, water footprint, CBAM, and ESG reporting.

Personal & Household

What Is a Carbon Footprint? How Is It Calculated?

The difference between individual and corporate carbon footprint, the calculation formula, and concrete ways to reduce it.

Corporate

How Is Corporate Carbon Emission Calculated? Scope 1, 2, 3 Guide

How to build an emissions inventory under the GHG Protocol standard, and what data to collect.

CBAM

What Is CBAM? A Border Carbon Tax Guide for Turkish Exporters

How it affects companies exporting to the EU, and how the certificate cost is calculated.

Water

What Is a Water Footprint? How Is It Calculated?

The Blue/Green/Grey water distinction, regional water stress, and its importance for businesses.

ESG

What Is ESG Reporting? A Starter Guide for SMEs

The three components of ESG, why it has become essential for SMEs, and a step-by-step guide to your first report.

Risk & Governance

What Is the EU Taxonomy / TCFD Risk Score? How Is It Interpreted?

The four-component risk score formula and which Low/Medium/High risk category your score falls into.

Carbon Credit

What Is a Carbon Credit? How Is Offsetting Calculated?

Tree count and wind turbine equivalency calculations, and the reason behind the VERRA/Gold Standard/CDM/DAC price difference.

Methodology

What Is GWP-100? Why Are Greenhouse Gases Weighted Differently?

How kg of gas is converted to kg CO2e, and why some gases are counted much "heavier" than others.

Marine & Biogenic

What Is Blue Carbon?

The carbon sequestration values of mangrove/seagrass/salt marsh ecosystems and the protection/destruction difference.

Water & Circular Economy

What Is the Circular Economy Score? How Is It Calculated?

The 100-point model and which A/B/C/D maturity level your score corresponds to.

CBAM

CBAM Guide for the Iron-Steel Sector

Embedded emissions coefficients for 10 product sub-categories and a verified worked example.

CBAM

CBAM Guide for the Cement Sector

Calcination-driven process emissions and the coefficients for 3 product groups.

CBAM

CBAM Guide for the Aluminum Sector

CBAM's highest-coefficient sector, and the gap between ingot and foil.

CBAM

CBAM Guide for the Fertilizer Sector

Why Nitric Acid has the highest coefficient, and 6 product groups.

CBAM

CBAM Guide for Electricity Exports

Why electricity is covered by CBAM, and the MWh-based calculation.

CBAM

CBAM Guide for the Hydrogen Sector

Why Grey Hydrogen has such a high coefficient, and the hydrogen color classification.

CBAM

How to Prepare a CBAM Declaration?

What the draft declaration template contains, how to generate it, and why it's not an official declaration.