NetZero E.S. Calculation Methodology

1. Document Identity

Base version: —

Scope: Carbon (Scope 1-2-3), Water Footprint, Circular Economy, CBAM, ESG.

2. Standards Compliance

The table below shows which scientific or official standard/source each calculation module of the platform is based on. For the full bibliography of sources, see Bibliography.

3. Organizational and Operational Boundaries

Under the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard, Scope 1 covers emissions from sources the business directly controls (stationary fuel combustion, company fleet fuel use, fugitive refrigerant/AC gas leaks). Scope 2 covers indirect emissions from purchased electricity, steam, heat, and cooling energy.

Scope 3 covers all 15 categories defined by the GHG Protocol Scope 3 Technical Guidance; the platform supports every category via either a spend-based or an activity-based method.

Exclusions: Biogenic carbon — CO2 released from burning non-fossil (plant/wood-derived) biomass — is NOT included in Scope 1-2-3 totals and is reported as a separate line item; under the GHG Protocol this carbon is treated as a net-zero cycle because it was already removed from the atmosphere during the plant's growth.

4. Module-by-Module Calculation Methodology

5. Emission Factors

The table below lists every numeric value in the platform's static base-version factor set (js/katsayilar.js); it is not hand-edited — it is generated automatically from the version constant.

v2026.2 — 326 katsayı

6. Global Warming Potentials (AR6, 100-year)

GWP-100 (100-year Global Warming Potential) is the multiplier set used in IPCC AR6 (Sixth Assessment Report) and in UNFCCC's official national GHG reporting standard; the platform converts fugitive refrigerant leaks to CO2 equivalent using these multipliers. The alternative, GWP-20, gives a much higher multiplier for short-lived but potent gases such as methane (GWP-20 ≈ 80 for methane vs. GWP-100 = 28); GWP-100 is preferred because it reflects long-term climate impact and preserves comparability across international reports.

The GWP-100 values for the fugitive refrigerant/process gases the platform supports (from SF6: 24,300 down to Ammonia: 0) are listed in the factor table in §5.

7. Uncertainty and Limitations

• Vehicle emission factors are derived at ratios close to DEFRA's vehicle-segment averages; a specific vehicle's actual consumption (age, maintenance condition, driving style) can deviate from these averages.
• The water-stress-weighted footprint relies on the WRI Aqueduct Water Risk Atlas's regional average multipliers; it is a regional approximation rather than a facility-specific measurement.
• Process emission factors (cement, iron & steel, etc.) are the Tier-1 (fixed global) default values from IPCC 2006 Guidelines Vol. 3; a specific facility's measured (Tier 2/3) emission intensity can deviate from these values depending on feedstock quality and process technology.
• The Scope 3 spend-based method relies on environmentally-extended input-output (EEIO) modeling; the GHG Protocol defines this as an acceptable "Tier 1" starting method — it is less precise than physical measurement and provides an upper-bound estimate.
• Land-use calculations stop at Tier 2 (country/region-specific parameters); the platform does not go to Tier 3, which requires on-site field measurement.
• These values are engineering approximations compiled to power the platform's calculation engine; for formal audit/disclosure processes they should be confirmed against current official DEFRA/IPCC/National GHG Inventory publications.

8. Version History

The currently active base version, and any live revision on top of it, is shown in the Document Identity section (§1) above.

9. How Report Verification Works

Every PDF report the platform generates is signed with a unique report number (e.g. NZ-2026-A1B2C3) and a QR code. Verification can be done by scanning the QR code or by entering the report number on the Report Verification Portal.

Verification runs in real time against the NetZero E.S. database; only the summary data the report owner has consented to share is displayed (report number, account/organization type, company/user name, report date, KPI summary, and the factor version used).

Every verified report shows the factor version used (see §8) and, for CBAM reports, the EU ETS reference price applied; reports generated before factor versioning began do not carry this information, and the verification screen displays a notice to that effect.

Go to the Report Verification Portal →